RCMP reviewing First Nations' treason allegation against Alberta premier
Chiefs say Mounties are taking separation referendum 'very seriously' after June resolution
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Canada's top Mountie has told First Nations leaders the RCMP will review their call for a criminal treason investigation into Premier Danielle Smith and the United Conservative Party over the province's October separation referendum.
The Assembly of Treaty Chiefs, representing 48 First Nations across Treaty 6, 7 and 8 territory, unanimously passed a resolution on June 16 urging the RCMP and auditor general to investigate whether the actions of Smith and other UCP members constitute treason under Section 46 of the Criminal Code. RCMP Commissioner Mike Duheme responded in a letter dated July 17, stating the matter was forwarded to appropriate areas "to determine whether the information provided meets the criteria necessary to initiate a criminal investigation."
Chief Sheldon Sunshine of Sturgeon Lake Cree Nation said he believes the Mounties "are taking this very seriously," meaning the entire situation around the separation referendum and potential risks. Chief Desmond Bull of Louis Bull Tribe, who researched the treason case, said he was glad to see the RCMP's response and hopes to see action follow.
Smith announced in August that Albertans will vote October 19 on whether to stay in Canada or initiate a binding second referendum on separation. The government has framed this as a respectful democratic process for citizens to air frustrations with federal policies. The Criminal Code defines treason primarily as using force to overthrow the government or sharing information with another state that may prejudice Canada's safety or defence.
The treaty chiefs say Smith and the UCP have fuelled separatism through their actions and associations while breaching treaties, running risks of foreign interference, and failing to consult with First Nations. Bull said he had hoped the federal government would intervene to stop what he called a distraction and a waste of taxpayer money. In the meantime, First Nations are encouraging their people to vote in the referendum.
What specific criteria will the RCMP use to determine whether to launch a formal investigation?
How long will the RCMP assessment take, and will any investigation conclude before the October referendum?
We'll update this story as answers emerge.
The facts
When did First Nations chiefs call for a treason investigation into Alberta's premier?
The Assembly of Treaty Chiefs unanimously passed a resolution on June 16, 2026, urging the RCMP and auditor general to investigate whether Premier Danielle Smith and other UCP members' actions constitute treason.
When is Alberta's separation referendum scheduled?
Alberta will hold a separation referendum on October 19, 2026, where voters will decide whether to stay in Canada or initiate a binding second referendum on separation.
How many First Nations are represented by the Assembly of Treaty Chiefs?
The Assembly of Treaty Chiefs represents 48 First Nations across Treaty 6, 7, and 8 territory.
How did the RCMP respond to the treason allegation?
RCMP Commissioner Mike Duheme responded in a letter dated July 17, 2026, stating the matter was forwarded to appropriate areas to determine whether it meets the criteria necessary to initiate a criminal investigation.
